... Physiology: The Essentials , Lippincott Williams & Wilkins , Baltimore/Philadelphia. [2] Suki , B. , and Bates , J. H. T. , 2011 , “ Lung Tissue Mechanics as an Emergent Phenomenon ,” J. Appl. Physiol. , 110 ( 4 ), pp. 1111 – 1118 . 10.1152/japplphysiol.01244.2010 [3] Bates , J...

... of electrical charges, sizes, concentrations of the particles have been investigated. In this paper, the temperature effect on the cellular uptake of Quantum Dots (QDs) is studied experimentally. QDs are incubated with the SPCA-1 human lung tumor cells, and the nanoparticles on the cell membrane and inside...

... of the acinar duct would result in irreversible acinar flow fields, which might be important mechanistic contributors to aerosol mixing and deposition deep in the lung. References 1 Tsuda , A. , Laine-Pearson , F. E. , and Hydon , P. E. , 2011a , “ Why Chaotic Mixing of Particles...

...Emily J. Berg; Risa J. Robinson Emphysema is a progressive lung disease that involves permanent destruction of the alveolar walls. Fluid mechanics in the pulmonary region and how they are altered with the presence of emphysema are not well understood. Much of our understanding of the flow fields...

...D. Keith Walters; William H. Luke Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has emerged as a useful tool for the prediction of airflow and particle transport within the human lung airway. Several published studies have demonstrated the use of Eulerian finite-volume CFD simulations coupled with Lagrangian...

... explanation for why submicron particles deposit preferentially in the acinar-entrance region. 14 08 2009 05 08 2010 16 08 2010 27 09 2010 27 09 2010 biodiffusion cellular biophysics flow simulation lung molecular biophysics numerical analysis physiological models pipe...

...Andrew Comerford; Christiane Förster; Wolfgang A. Wall In this paper, we develop structured tree outflow boundary conditions for modeling the airflow in patient specific human lungs. The utilized structured tree is used to represent the nonimageable vessels beyond the 3D domain. The coupling...

...Sudhaker Chhabra; Ajay K. Prasad The alveoli are the smallest units of the lung that participate in gas exchange. Although gas transport is governed primarily by diffusion due to the small length scales associated with the acinar region ( ∼ 500 μ m ) , the transport and deposition of inhaled...

...Sudhaker Chhabra; Ajay K. Prasad The acinar region of the human lung comprises about 300 × 10 6 alveoli, which are responsible for gas exchange between the lung and the blood. As discussed in Part I ( Chhabra and Prasad, “Flow and Particle Dispersion in a Pulmonary Alveolus—Part I: Velocity...

... , 262 ( 3 ), pp. H763 – H770 . Robotham , J. L. , and Takata , M. , 1995 , “ Mechanical Abdomino/Heart/Lung Interaction ,” J. Sleep Res. 0962-1105 , 4 ( S1 ), pp. 50 – 52 . 10.1111/j.1365-2869.1995.tb00186.x Takata , M. , and Robotham , J. L. , 1992 , “ Effects...

...Jessica M. Oakes; Steven Day; Steven J. Weinstein; Risa J. Robinson Particulates that deposit in the acinus region of the lung have the potential to migrate through the alveolar wall and into the blood stream. However, the fluid mechanics governing particle transport to the alveolar wall...

.... Modifications first concerned the integration and interfacing of a user-controlled respiratory muscular system including intercostal muscles, scalene muscles, the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and the diaphragm and abdominal wall muscles. Volumetric and pressure measurement procedures for the lungs and both...

...Josué Sznitman; Thomas Heimsch; Johannes H. Wildhaber; Akira Tsuda; Thomas Rösgen The inhalation of micron-sized aerosols into the lung’s acinar region may be recognized as a possible health risk or a therapeutic tool. In an effort to develop a deeper understanding of the mechanisms responsible...

...C. Kleinstreuer; Z. Zhang A new methodology for a swift and accurate computer simulation of large segments of the human lung airways is presented. Focusing on a representative tracheobronchial (TB) region, i.e., G0–G15, nano- and micron particle transports have been simulated for Q in = 30 l ∕ min...

... incorporates key ingredients involved in these maneuvers: the expiratory effort generated by the abdominal and expiratory muscles, the glottis, and the flexibility and compliance of the lung airways. Variations in these allow investigation of the expiratory flows generated by a variety of single cough...

... ), pp. 1055 – 1063 . Tsuda , A. , Rogers , R. A. , Hydon , P. E. , and Butler , J. P. , 2002 , “ Chaotic Mixing Deep in the Lung ,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 0027-8424 10.1073/pnas.102318299 , 99 , pp. 10173 – 10178 . Butler , J. P. , and Tsuda...

... lung normal distribution physiological models pneumodynamics pulmonary pressure-volume curve respiratory system model alveolar recruitment lung injury ARDS The measured P - V curves and the corresponding RSM-predicted, P - V equations are shown in Fig. 3...

... of diffusing particles through the carousel effect. 18 12 2006 28 06 2007 03 04 2008 lung physiological models pneumodynamics Ochs , M. , Nyengaard , J. R. , Jung , A. , Knudsen , L. , Voigt , M. , Wahlers , T. , Richter , J. , and Gundersen...

... the dispersion and transport of therapeutic aerosols in the respiratory tract. A variety of mechanisms may contribute to convective dispersion in the lung; simple axial streaming, augmented dispersion, and steady streaming are investigated in this effort. Flow visualization of a bolus during inhalation...

... finite element analysis Galerkin method lung mass transfer pneumodynamics mass transfer coefficient bifurcation single path lungs CFD airways expiration When reactive air pollutants are inhaled, a complete breathing cycle consisting of inhalation and exhalation needs to be studied...